:root {
  /* UTC-inspired professional dark palette */
  --primary-color: #4F6DF5;
  --primary-hover: #6B85F7;
  --secondary-color: #3A56D4;
  --accent-color: #A7B1D8;
  
  /* Backgrounds */
  --bg-primary: #05060B;
  --bg-secondary: #0B0E1A;
  --bg-card: rgba(242, 245, 255, 0.04);
  
  /* Typography */
  --text-primary: #F2F5FF;
  --text-secondary: #A7B1D8;
  --text-muted: #6B7293;
  
  /* Borders */
  --border-color: rgba(242, 245, 255, 0.10);
  
  /* Solid accent instead of gradients */
  --gradient-1: #4F6DF5;
  --gradient-2: #6B85F7;
  
  /* Shadows – none */
  --shadow-glow: none;
  --shadow-card: none;
  
  /* Transitions & fonts unchanged */
  --transition-smooth: all 0.3s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1);
  --font-main: "Inter", sans-serif;
  --font-mono: "JetBrains Mono", monospace;
}

/* Remove all browser default focus outlines and hover highlights */
*,
*:focus,
*:focus-visible,
*:focus-within {
  outline: none !important;
  -webkit-tap-highlight-color: transparent;
}

/* Remove tap highlight on mobile */
* {
  -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) !important;
  tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0) !important;
}

*, *:before, *:after {
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  font-size: 16px;
}

body {
  font-family: var(--font-main);
  background-color: var(--bg-primary);
  color: var(--text-primary);
  line-height: 1.6;
  overflow-x: hidden;
  -webkit-user-select: none;
  user-select: none;
}

::selection {
  background: var(--primary-color);
  color: #fff;
}

::-webkit-scrollbar {
  width: 0px;
}

::-webkit-scrollbar-track {
  background: var(--bg-primary);
}

::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb {
  background: var(--primary-color);
  border-radius: 4px;
}

/* Animated background */
.animated-bg {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  z-index: -1;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: var(--bg-primary);
}

.animated-bg:before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: -50%;
  left: -50%;
  width: 200%;
  height: 200%;
  background: radial-gradient(circle at 20% 80%, rgba(79, 109, 245, 0.08) 0%, transparent 50%),
              radial-gradient(circle at 80% 20%, rgba(79, 109, 245, 0.06) 0%, transparent 50%),
              radial-gradient(circle at 40% 40%, rgba(107, 133, 247, 0.04) 0%, transparent 40%);
  animation: bgFloat 20s ease-in-out infinite;
}

.particles {
  position: absolute;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  overflow: hidden;
}

.particle {
  position: absolute;
  width: 4px;
  height: 4px;
  background: var(--primary-color);
  border-radius: 50%;
  opacity: 0.3;
  animation: particleFloat 15s infinite;
}

@keyframes bgFloat {
  0%, 100% { transform: translate(0) rotate(0); }
  33% { transform: translate(30px, -30px) rotate(120deg); }
  66% { transform: translate(-20px, 20px) rotate(240deg); }
}

@keyframes particleFloat {
  0%, 100% { transform: translateY(100vh) rotate(0); opacity: 0; }
  10% { opacity: 0.2; }
  90% { opacity: 0.2; }
  100% { transform: translateY(-100vh) rotate(720deg); opacity: 0; }
}

/* Navigation */
.nav {
  position: fixed;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  padding: 1rem 0;
  z-index: 1000;
  transition: var(--transition-smooth);
  background: transparent;
}

.nav.scrolled {
  background: transparent;
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
  backdrop-filter: blur(12px);
  box-shadow: none;
}

.nav__container {
  max-width: 1400px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 0 2rem;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
}

.nav__logo {
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  text-decoration: none;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  background: none;
  -webkit-text-fill-color: unset;
}

.nav__logo i {
  font-size: 1.8rem;
  color: var(--primary-color);
}

.nav__menu {
  display: flex;
  list-style: none;
  gap: 2.5rem;
}

.nav__link {
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  text-decoration: none;
  font-weight: 500;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  position: relative;
  padding: 0.5rem 0;
  transition: var(--transition-smooth);
}

.nav__link:after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  bottom: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 0;
  height: 2px;
  background: var(--primary-color);
  transition: var(--transition-smooth);
}

.nav__link:hover,
.nav__link.active {
  color: var(--text-primary);
}

.nav__link:hover:after,
.nav__link.active:after {
  width: 100%;
}

.nav__toggle {
  display: none;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 5px;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 0.5rem;
  z-index: 1001;
}

.nav__toggle span {
  width: 25px;
  height: 2px;
  background: var(--text-primary);
  transition: var(--transition-smooth);
}

.nav__toggle.active span:nth-child(1) {
  transform: rotate(45deg) translate(5px, 5px);
}
.nav__toggle.active span:nth-child(2) {
  opacity: 0;
}
.nav__toggle.active span:nth-child(3) {
  transform: rotate(-45deg) translate(5px, -5px);
}

/* Page Header */
.page-header {
  min-height: 50vh;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  padding: 8rem 2rem 4rem;
  position: relative;
  text-align: center;
}

.page-header__content {
  max-width: 800px;
}

.page-header__subtitle {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  color: var(--primary-color);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 3px;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.page-header__title {
  font-size: clamp(2.5rem, 6vw, 4rem);
  font-weight: 800;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  color: var(--text-primary);
}

.page-header__title .gradient-text {
  color: var(--primary-color);
}

.page-header__description {
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  max-width: 600px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

/* Sections */
.section {
  padding: 4rem 2rem;
  position: relative;
}

.section__header {
  text-align: center;
  margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.section__subtitle {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  color: var(--primary-color);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 3px;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.section__title {
  font-size: clamp(1.8rem, 4vw, 2.5rem);
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  color: var(--text-primary);
}

.section__title .gradient-text {
  color: var(--primary-color);
}

/* Research Areas */
.research-areas {
  background: var(--bg-secondary);
}

.research-areas__container {
  max-width: 1400px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.research-areas__grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(300px, 1fr));
  gap: 2rem;
}

.research-area-card {
  background: var(--bg-card);
  border-radius: 20px;
  padding: 2rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  transition: var(--transition-smooth);
  position: relative;
  overflow: hidden;
  box-shadow: none;
}

.research-area-card:before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  top: 0;
  left: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 3px;
  background: var(--primary-color);
  transform: scaleX(0);
  transform-origin: left;
  transition: var(--transition-smooth);
}

.research-area-card:hover:before {
  transform: scaleX(1);
}

.research-area-card:hover {
  border-color: var(--primary-color);
  transform: translateY(-5px);
  box-shadow: none;
}

.research-area-card__icon {
  width: 60px;
  height: 60px;
  background: rgba(79, 109, 245, 0.1);
  border-radius: 16px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  color: var(--primary-color);
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.research-area-card__title {
  font-size: 1.3rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  color: var(--text-primary);
}

.research-area-card__description {
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  line-height: 1.7;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.research-area-card__topics {
  list-style: none;
}

.research-area-card__topic {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.5rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.research-area-card__topic i {
  color: var(--primary-color);
  font-size: 0.75rem;
}

/* Publications */
.publications__container {
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.publications__list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 1.5rem;
}

.publication-card {
  background: var(--bg-card);
  border-radius: 16px;
  padding: 2rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  transition: var(--transition-smooth);
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto 1fr auto;
  gap: 1.5rem;
  align-items: center;
  box-shadow: none;
}

.publication-card:hover {
  border-color: var(--primary-color);
  transform: translateX(10px);
}

.publication-card__year {
  background: var(--primary-color);
  color: #fff;
  padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
  border-radius: 12px;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  text-align: center;
  min-width: 80px;
}

.publication-card__content {
  flex: 1;
}

.publication-card__title {
  font-size: 1.2rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  line-height: 1.4;
  color: var(--text-primary);
}

.publication-card__authors {
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.publication-card__venue {
  color: var(--primary-color);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  font-weight: 500;
}

.publication-card__actions {
  display: flex;
  gap: 0.75rem;
}

.publication-card__btn {
  width: 45px;
  height: 45px;
  background: var(--bg-secondary);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  border-radius: 10px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  font-size: 1rem;
  transition: var(--transition-smooth);
  cursor: pointer;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.publication-card__btn:hover {
  background: var(--primary-color);
  border-color: var(--primary-color);
  color: #fff;
}

/* Research Stats */
.research-stats {
  background: var(--bg-secondary);
  padding: 4rem 2rem;
}

.research-stats__container {
  max-width: 1200px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.research-stats__grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  gap: 2rem;
}

.research-stat-card {
  background: var(--bg-card);
  padding: 2rem;
  border-radius: 16px;
  text-align: center;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  transition: var(--transition-smooth);
  box-shadow: none;
}

.research-stat-card:hover {
  border-color: var(--primary-color);
  transform: translateY(-5px);
}

.research-stat-card__icon {
  width: 60px;
  height: 60px;
  background: rgba(79, 109, 245, 0.1);
  border-radius: 16px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  margin: 0 auto 1rem;
  font-size: 1.5rem;
  color: var(--primary-color);
}

.research-stat-card__number {
  font-size: 2.5rem;
  font-weight: 800;
  color: var(--primary-color);
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.research-stat-card__label {
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

/* Conferences Timeline */
.conferences__container {
  max-width: 1400px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.conferences__timeline {
  position: relative;
  padding-left: 2rem;
}

.conferences__timeline:before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  top: 0;
  bottom: 0;
  width: 2px;
  background: var(--primary-color);
}

.conference-item {
  position: relative;
  padding-bottom: 2rem;
  padding-left: 2rem;
}

.conference-item:before {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: -2rem;
  top: 0.5rem;
  width: 12px;
  height: 12px;
  background: var(--primary-color);
  border-radius: 50%;
  transform: translateX(-5px);
  box-shadow: none;
}

.conference-item__card {
  background: var(--bg-card);
  border-radius: 16px;
  padding: 1.5rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  transition: var(--transition-smooth);
}

.conference-item__card:hover {
  border-color: var(--primary-color);
}

.conference-item__date {
  color: var(--primary-color);
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
}

.conference-item__title {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  color: var(--text-primary);
}

.conference-item__location {
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.5rem;
}

.conference-item__badge {
  display: inline-block;
  background: rgba(79, 109, 245, 0.1);
  color: var(--primary-color);
  padding: 0.25rem 0.75rem;
  border-radius: 50px;
  font-size: 0.75rem;
  font-weight: 500;
  margin-top: 0.75rem;
}

/* Collaborations */
.collaborations {
  background: var(--bg-secondary);
}

.collaborations__container {
  max-width: 1400px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.collaborations__grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(250px, 1fr));
  gap: 2rem;
}

.collaboration-card {
  background: var(--bg-card);
  border-radius: 16px;
  padding: 2rem;
  text-align: center;
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  transition: var(--transition-smooth);
  box-shadow: none;
}

.collaboration-card:hover {
  border-color: var(--primary-color);
  transform: translateY(-5px);
}

.collaboration-card__logo {
  width: 80px;
  height: 80px;
  background: var(--bg-secondary);
  border-radius: 20px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  margin: 0 auto 1.5rem;
  font-size: 2rem;
  color: var(--primary-color);
}

.collaboration-card__name {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  margin-bottom: 0.5rem;
  color: var(--text-primary);
}

.collaboration-card__type {
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  font-size: 0.85rem;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
}

.collaboration-card__description {
  color: var(--text-muted);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
  line-height: 1.6;
}

/* Footer */
.footer {
  background: var(--bg-primary);
  padding: 4rem 2rem 1rem;
}

.footer__container {
  max-width: 1400px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

.footer__top {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 2fr 1fr 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 3rem;
  margin-bottom: 3rem;
}

.footer__brand {
  max-width: 300px;
}

.footer__logo {
  font-size: 1.8rem;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-primary);
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.5rem;
}

.footer__description {
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  line-height: 1.8;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
}

.footer__social {
  display: flex;
  gap: 0.75rem;
}

.footer__social-link {
  width: 40px;
  height: 40px;
  background: var(--bg-card);
  border-radius: 10px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  font-size: 1rem;
  transition: var(--transition-smooth);
  border: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.footer__social-link:hover {
  background: var(--primary-color);
  color: #fff;
  border-color: var(--primary-color);
  transform: translateY(-3px);
}

.footer__column-title {
  font-size: 1.1rem;
  font-weight: 600;
  margin-bottom: 1.5rem;
  color: var(--text-primary);
}

.footer__links {
  list-style: none;
}

.footer__link {
  margin-bottom: 0.75rem;
}

.footer__link a {
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  text-decoration: none;
  font-size: 0.95rem;
  transition: var(--transition-smooth);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.5rem;
}

.footer__link a:hover {
  color: var(--primary-color);
  padding-left: 5px;
}

.footer__link a i {
  font-size: 0.75rem;
}

.footer__contact-item {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.75rem;
  margin-bottom: 1rem;
  color: var(--text-secondary);
  font-size: 0.95rem;
}

.footer__contact-item i {
  color: var(--primary-color);
  width: 20px;
}

.footer__bottom {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color);
  padding-top: 1.5rem;
  display: flex;
  justify-content: space-between;
  align-items: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 1rem;
}

.footer__copyright {
  color: var(--text-muted);
  font-size: 0.9rem;
}

.footer__copyright span {
  color: var(--primary-color);
}

.footer__back-to-top {
  width: 45px;
  height: 45px;
  background: var(--primary-color);
  border-radius: 50%;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: #fff;
  cursor: pointer;
  transition: var(--transition-smooth);
  border: none;
}

.footer__back-to-top:hover {
  transform: translateY(-5px);
  background: #05060B;
  border: 1px solid #fff;
  box-shadow: none;
}

/* Responsive */
@media (max-width: 1024px) {
  .publication-card {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    text-align: center;
  }
  .publication-card__year {
    width: fit-content;
    margin: 0 auto;
  }
  .publication-card__actions {
    justify-content: center;
  }
  .research-stats__grid {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  }
  .footer__top {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 1150px) {
  .nav__menu {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    right: -100%;
    width: 80%;
    max-width: 350px;
    height: 100vh;
    background: rgba(5, 6, 11, 0.98);
    -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(20px);
    backdrop-filter: blur(20px);
    flex-direction: column;
    justify-content: center;
    align-items: center;
    gap: 2rem;
    transition: var(--transition-smooth);
    border-left: 1px solid var(--border-color);
    box-shadow: none;
  }
  .nav__menu.active {
    right: 0;
  }
  .nav__link {
    font-size: 1.2rem;
  }
  .nav__toggle {
    display: flex;
  }
  .research-areas__grid,
  .research-stats__grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }
  .conferences__timeline {
    padding-left: 1.5rem;
  }
  .conference-item {
    padding-left: 1rem;
  }
  .footer__top {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    text-align: center;
  }
  .footer__brand {
    max-width: 100%;
  }
  .footer__social {
    justify-content: center;
  }
  .footer__bottom {
    flex-direction: column;
    text-align: center;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 480px) {
  .section {
    padding: 3rem 1rem;
  }
  .page-header {
    padding: 7rem 1rem 3rem;
  }
  .research-area-card,
  .publication-card,
  .conference-item__card {
    padding: 1.5rem;
  }
}

/* Scroll reveal */
.scroll-reveal {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(30px);
  transition: all 0.8s ease-out;
}
.scroll-reveal.active {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(0);
}

/* Page loader */
.page-loader {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  background: var(--bg-primary);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  z-index: 9999;
  transition: opacity 0.5s, visibility 0.5s;
}
.page-loader.hidden {
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
}

.loader {
  width: 50px;
  height: 50px;
  border: 3px solid var(--border-color);
  border-top-color: var(--primary-color);
  border-radius: 50%;
  animation: spin 1s linear infinite;
}

@keyframes spin {
  to { transform: rotate(360deg); }
}

#currentYear {
  color: inherit;
  font-weight: inherit;
}